IIOSC - 2025

IIOSC - 2025

International Indian Ocean Science Conference - 2025

Celebrating 10 years of the Second International Indian Ocean Expedition

01-05 December 2025
INCOIS, Hyderabad, India.

Summary of Abstract Submission



Abstract Submission No.ABS-06-0123
Title of AbstractUnravelling the spatial variability in sedimentary phytodetrital flux in the central Arabian Sea: evidence from lipid biomarkers
AuthorsMedhavi Pandey*, Haimanti Biswas, Daniel Birgel, Nicole Burdanowitz, Birgit Gaye
OrganisationCSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Goa
AddressSR-16
PANAJI, Goa, India
Pincode: 403004
E-mail: bhu.medhavi@gmail.com
CountryIndia
PresentationOral
AbstractThe Central Arabian Sea, a tropical basin in the northwestern Indian Ocean, experiences seasonality in surface circulation, biogeochemistry and particle flux dynamics due to monsoon winds. High primary productivity, characterised by phytoplankton blooms and associated particle flux, occurs in its northern part (above ~15°N), due to summer monsoon-induced open-ocean upwelling and winter convection. This region also hosts a thick oxygen minimum zone (OMZ), which influences composition, export and preservation of sinking organic matter. This study examines sedimentary phytodetrital variability along a north-south transect (21-11°N, 64°E) in the central Arabian Sea, utilising lipid biomarkers and identifies the key factors governing organic matter export and preservation. Satellite data analysis revealed a clear north-south variability in sea surface temperature (SST) and chlorophyll concentrations. These trends are consistent with C37 alkenone-based SST, showing cooler waters (27.6⿯±⿯0.25⿯°C) in the north and warmer SSTs (28.0⿯±⿯0.26⿯°C) in the south. Lipid biomarkers indicate higher contributions from dinoflagellates throughout the transect, with dinosterol and dinostanol dominating over brassicasterol and alkenones, markers for diatoms and coccolithophores, respectively. Northern stations show the highest organic carbon (0.97⿯±⿯0.06%), nitrogen (0.087⿯±⿯0.018%), and biomarker concentrations (e.g., dinosterol: 12.81⿯±⿯6.30⿯μg⿯g⁻¹ TOC), but low cholesterol suggesting lower zooplankton. Siliceous microfossil analyses support these findings, with high diatom frustules (5.46⿯±⿯0.95⿯ÿ⿯10⁴⿯valves⿯g⁻¹) and low radiolarian abundance (1.26⿯±⿯0.35⿯ÿ⿯10⁴⿯individuals⿯g⁻¹). Contrarily, in the south, low phytoplankton and high zooplankton biomarkers were observed, supported by the occurrence of fewer diatom frustules (3.26±1.08 ÿ104 valves g-1) and high radiolarian abundance (1.98±0.43 individuals g-1), respectively. This study thus utilises lipid biomarkers as a proxy of sedimentary organic matter to unravel the relative contributions of different plankton groups to export and preservation of organic matter in sediments in relation to surface processes.
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KeywordsOrganic carbon, Phytosterol, C37 alkenone, Sediments, North Indian Ocean
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