IIOSC - 2025

IIOSC - 2025

International Indian Ocean Science Conference - 2025

Celebrating 10 years of the Second International Indian Ocean Expedition

01-05 December 2025
INCOIS, Hyderabad, India.

Summary of Abstract Submission



Abstract Submission No.ABS-06-0105
Title of AbstractSurface sediment studies from Kalpeni Atoll, Lakshadweep
AuthorsGangmei Gaichunglu*, Champoungam Panmei, Yumnam Rojit Singh
OrganisationIPaL, Department of Earth Sciences, IIT Roorkee
AddressDepartment of Earthsciences, IIT Roorkee
Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
Pincode: 247667
E-mail: gangmei_g@es.iitr.ac.in
CountryIndia
PresentationPoster
AbstractThe Lakshadweep Archipelago, comprising coral atolls atop the Laccadive-Chagos Ridge situated in the Arabian Sea represents a distinctive carbonate platform influenced by dynamic Indian Ocean currents. The Kalpeni Atoll is a part of this archipelago, which lies within the Indian Ocean Warm Pool (IOWP), making it highly sensitive to climatic changes. Preliminary studies have shown a significant shift in the Northern Indian Ocean dynamics, viz. increased cyclone intensity and frequency due to ocean warming, with predictions of a sea level rise of ~0.76m and a sea surface temperature increase of ~3.4°C by the end of the 21st century. These changes are expected to intensify mechanical wave energy and current velocities, affecting the low-lying coral islands of Lakshadweep, leading to sediment erosion, reworking and redistribution. Despite several preliminary studies on reef health and general sedimentation around various coral atolls of Lakshadweep, a micropaleontological assessment focusing on benthic foraminifera and their relationship with sediment dynamics remain sparse. Therefore, twenty-five surface sediments collected from Kalpeni Atoll were used to investigate the benthic foraminiferal distribution integrating grain size analysis, foraminiferal taxonomy and statistical correlation with regional hydrodynamics. Grain size analysis reveals a grainstone-dominated, sand rich texture with bimodal to polymodal distributions, suggestive of strong hydrodynamic forcing. Within this reef-lagoonal setting, calcareous forms of foraminifera are dominant, while arenaceous forms are relatively scarce, reflecting a lack of finer sediments. This supports the inference of a coarse-dominated depositional setting. Three families of foraminifera viz. Calcarinidae, Miliolidae, and Amphisteginidae are most abundant, with Miliolids suggestive of high energy conditions. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive information regarding the distribution of reef associated benthic foraminifera in Kalpeni and associated local hydrodynamic processes and regional oceanographic influences, offering a framework for comparative studies across tropical reef systems.
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KeywordsKalpeni Atoll, Lakshadweep Archipelago, Benthic foraminifera, Indian Ocean, Tropical reef system
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