IIOSC - 2025

IIOSC - 2025

International Indian Ocean Science Conference - 2025

Celebrating 10 years of the Second International Indian Ocean Expedition

01-05 December 2025
INCOIS, Hyderabad, India.

Summary of Abstract Submission



Abstract Submission No.ABS-01-0150
Title of AbstractSpatial and Temporal Distribution of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in major creeks along the Kenyan coast
AuthorsMaurine Kerubo Arori*, Marie-Alexandrine Sicre, Vincent Klein, Agnes Muthumbi, Jacqueline Uku
OrganisationDepartment of Biology, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197-0010
Address3 Rue Michel-ange
Paris, Paris, France
Pincode: 75016
E-mail: marie-alexandrine.sicre@locean.ipsl.fr
CountryFrance
PresentationOral
AbstractPolycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analyzed in surface and core sediments from three major creeks along the Kenyan coast: Mwache, Tudor and Mida. The total concentration of the 16 priority PAHs in surface sediments ranged from 7.19 to 100.28 ng g⁻¹. Alkylated PAHs, primarily methyl-phenanthrene, were also found in Mwache Creek varying from 1.06 to 5.56 ng g⁻¹. Highest PAH levels were found in Mwache and Tudor peri-urban creeks, subject to high population density and anthropogenic activities, while the lowest levels in Mida creek reflect its status as a marine protected area and the slow pace urbanization in the region. 210Pb dating indicate that sediment cores provide a PAHs deposition history since the early 1900s at Mida and Mwache creeks but only from the 1980s for Tudor creek. Downcore total PAH concentrations ranged from 6.5 to 43.1 ng g⁻¹ in Mwache, 5.2 to 23.7 ng g⁻¹ in Tudor and from 1.5 to 10.0 ng g⁻¹ in Mida. The top core PAH values are consistent with mean PAH surface sediment concentrations at each site. Downcore profiles all show increased PAH accumulation in the recent decades with highest values in Mwache and Tudor Creeks. Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) was used for PAH source apportionment. For surface sediments, gasoline engine emissions (33.86%) and biomass burning (33.11%) were major sources followed by diesel engine emission (16.71%) and petroleum products (16.24%). PMF applied to downcore PAH profiles at each site identify different local sources. In Mwache, petroleum PAHs, attributable to harbor activities, accounted for almost half of the variance (47%). In Tudor, gasoline engine emissions (31%) and oil (27%) prevailed, while at Mida, biomass burning (29%), diesel engine (27%) and gasoline engine (25%) emissions contributed at almost equal levels. In conclusion, this baseline study provides useful information of trends in urbanization and coastal ecosystems exposure for coastal water quality monitoring and mitigation strategies adapted to each site to beat coastal pollution.
Are you part of IIOE-2 endorsed projectyes
Endorsed Project NumberIIOE2-EP55
KeywordsPAHs, contamination, coastal waters, Kenya sediments
For Awardsyes
Date Of Birth22-07-1960
ECSN Registration NumberIIOE2-ECSN-0127